| States | Pakistan |
|---|---|
| Region | Swat, Kohistan |
| Speakers | 2,000 |
| Date | 1992 |
| Ref | e18 |
| Familycolor | Indo-European |
| Fam 2 | Indo-Iranian |
| Fam 3 | Indo-Aryan |
| Fam 4 | Eastern Dardic |
| Fam 5 | Shinaic |
| Fam 6 | Kohistani–Ushoji Shina[1] |
| Iso 3 | ush |
| Glotto | usho1238 |
| Glottorefname | Ushojo |
| Pronunciation | ʊˈʂoːd͡ʒoː |
Ushoji or Ushojo (, Uṣōǰō; ʊˈʂoːd͡ʒoː) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in Kohistan and Swat districts of the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.
Status
Ushoji may be severely endangered due to the dominance of the Pashto language in the region, especially in Swat.[2]
Numerals
| English gloss | Ushoji[3] | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | one | ɪk () |
| 2 | two | du () |
| 3 | three | t͡ʃe () |
| 4 | four | t͡ʃar () |
| 5 | five | pʰʊʃ () |
| 6 | six | ʃɑ () |
| 7 | seven | sɑʈ () |
| 8 | eight | ɑʈ () |
| 9 | nine | nəo () |
| 10 | ten | de () |
| 20 | twenty | bɪey () |
| 100 | hundred | sao () |
| 1000 | thousand | zʌr () |
Orthography
Ushojo is written in a variety of the Torwali and Shina alphabets in the Perso-Arabic script in the Nastaliq style.[4]
| Letter | Romanization | IPA |
|---|---|---|
| ā | /aː/ | |
| a | /a/ | |
| ʿ | /ʔ/ | |
| b | /b/ | |
| p | /p/ | |
| t | /t/ | |
| ṭ | /ʈ/ | |
| (s) | /s/ | |
| ǰ | /d͡ʒ/ | |
| č | /t͡ʃ/ | |
| ċ | /ʈ͡ʂ/ | |
| c | /t͡s/ | |
| (h) | /h/ | |
| ǩ | /x/ | |
| d | /d/ | |
| ḍ | /ɖ/ | |
| (z) | /z/ | |
| r | /r/ | |
| ṛ | /ɽ/ | |
| z | /z/ | |
| ż | /ʐ/ | |
| ž | /ʒ/ | |
| s | /s/ | |
| š | /ʃ/ | |
| ṣ | /ʂ/ | |
| (s) | /s/ | |
| (d) | /d/ | |
| (t) | /t/ | |
| (z) | /z/ | |
| ʿ | /ʔ/ | |
| ǧ | /ɣ/ | |
| f | /f/ | |
| (k) | /k/ | |
| k | /k/ | |
| g | /ɡ/ | |
| l | /l/ | |
| m | /m/ | |
| n | /n/ | |
| w | /ʊ~w/ | |
| h, x | /h/ɦ/ | |
| _h | /ʰ/ʱ/ | |
| ʿ | /ʔ/ | |
| y | /j/ | |
| e | /e/ |
References
- ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (2025-06-11). "Glottolog 5.2 - Kohistanic Shina". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7398962. Archived 2025-09-14 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2025-01-18.
- ^ "Did you know Ushojo is threatened?". Archived from the original on 2024-12-02. Retrieved 2022-09-13.
- ^ "Language name and location: Ushojo, Pakistan". Archived 2016-03-10 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "اُڜوجو (Ushojo)" (in Arabic). Retrieved 2024-01-19.