| Lang 1 | pg |
|---|---|
| Lang 2 | oe |
| Lang 3 | on |
| Name 1 | *Naudiz |
| Name 2 | Nýd |
| Name 3 | Nauðr |
| Meaning 13 | "need, hardship" |
| Unicode hex 12 | 16BE |
| Unicode hex3a | 16BE |
| Unicode hex3b | 16BF |
| Transliteration 13 | n |
| Transcription 13 | n |
| Ipa 13 | [n] |
| Position 12 | 10 |
| Position 3 | 8 |
*Naudiz is the reconstructed Proto-Germanic name of the n-rune , meaning "need, distress". In the Anglo-Saxon futhorc, it is continued as nyd, in the Younger Futhark as , Icelandic naud and Old Norse nauðr. The corresponding Gothic letter is 𐌽 n, named nauþs.
The rune may have been an original innovation, or it may have been adapted from the Rhaetic's alphabet's N.[1]
The valkyrie Sigrdrífa in Sigrdrífumál talks (to Sigurd) about the rune as a beer-rune and that "You should learn beer-runes if you don’t want another man’s wife to abuse your trust if you have a tryst. Carve them on the drinking-horn and on the back of your hand, and carve the rune ᚾ on your fingernail."
The rune is recorded in all three rune poems:
| Rune Poem:[2] | English Translation: |
| Old Norwegian
Nauðr gerer næppa koste; nøktan kælr í froste. | Constraint gives scant choice; a naked man is chilled by the frost. |
| Old Icelandic
Nauð er Þýjar þrá ok þungr kostr ok vássamlig verk. opera niflungr. | Constraint is grief of the bond-maid and state of oppression and toilsome work. |
| Old English
Nẏd bẏþ nearu on breostan; ƿeorþeþ hi þeah oft niþa bearnum to helpe and to hæle gehƿæþre, gif hi his hlẏstaþ æror. | Trouble is oppressive to the heart; yet often it proves a source of help and salvation to the children of men, to everyone who heeds it betimes. |
See also
References
- ^ Gippert, Jost, "The Development of Old Germanic Alphabets", Uni Frankfurt, archived 2021-02-25 at the Wayback Machine, retrieved 2007-03-21.
- ^ Original poems and translation from the Rune Poem Page Archived 1999-05-01 at the Wayback Machine.