Gacko
Town and municipality
Native nameГацко
EntityRepublika Srpska
Geographical regionHerzegovina
Parts71 (as of 2008)
Municipal mayorVukota Govedarica
Leader partyInd.
Area blank 2735.88 km²
Population as of2013 census
Town5784
Municipality8990
Coordinates43°10′N 18°32′E
Area code59
Time zoneCET (UTC+1)
Time zone (DST)CEST (UTC+2)
Unit prefMetric

Gacko (Sr-cyrl: Гацко) is a town and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated in the region of East Herzegovina. As of 2013, the town has a population of 5,784 inhabitants, while the municipality has 8,990 inhabitants.

Geography

The municipality covers an area of 736 km2 (284 sq mi), making it one of the largest municipalities in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The town is near the state border with Montenegro.

History

Middle Ages

In the 14th century the region was governed by the powerful Vojinović family.[1]

In 1359, veliki čelnik Dimitrije controlled the region.[2]

Ottoman period

The rebels were defeated at the field of Gacko. This was ultimately due to the lack of foreign support.[3]

Modern history

Austro-Hungarian authorities took it over in 1878, a decision which was made at the Berlin Congress. In 1908, Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina sparking the Bosnian Crisis, which eventually led to World War I.

The Croatian fascist Ustaše movement committed the Gacko massacre on 4 June 1941. In response, on 6 June 1941 the rebels from Gacko under the command of Orthodox priest Radojica Perišić started the uprising against the Independent State of Croatia known as the June 1941 uprising in eastern Herzegovina.[4] The first Partisan battalion established in Gacko at the end of 1941 was named "6th June" in honor of the first date of the uprising.[5] During the period after the Fall of the Berlin Wall, the Gacko municipality proclaimed 6 June as their holiday in honor of the beginning of the uprising and held public ceremonies on 6 June named the Day of Gacko.[6]

When the German and Italian Zones of Influence were revised on 24 June 1942, Gacko fell in Zone II, administered civilly by Croatia but militarily by Italy.[7]

Settlements

Aside from the town of Gacko, the municipality includes the following settlements:

Demographics

Population

Population of settlements – Gacko municipality
Settlement1879.1885.1895.1910.1921.1931.1948.1953.1961.1971.1981.1991.2013.
Total9,29510,58212,67515,10713,66715,23514,42414,62813,29612,03310,27910,7888,990
1Avtovac594261
2Dobrelji143257
3Gacko1,5275,9111,3681,6042,6024,5845,784
4Lipnik253214
5Miholjače334604

Ethnic composition

Ethnic composition – Gacko town
2013.1991.1981.1971.
Total5,784 (100,0%)4,584 (100,0%)2,602 (100,0%)1,604 (100,0%)
Bosniaks2,253 (49,15%)1,235 (47,46%)776 (48,38%)
Serbs2,144 (46,77%)1,100 (42,28%)776 (48,38%)
Others81 (1,767%)10 (0,384%)6 (0,374%)
Yugoslavs78 (1,702%)207 (7,955%)15 (0,935%)
Croats28 (0,611%)17 (0,653%)10 (0,623%)
Montenegrins31 (1,191%)20 (1,247%)
Macedonians1 (0,038%)
Albanians1 (0,038%)
Slovenes1 (0,062%)
Ethnic composition – Gacko municipality
2013.1991.1981.1971.
Total8,990 (100,0%)10,788 (100,0%)10,279 (100,0%)12,033 (100,0%)
Serbs8,556 (95,17%)6,661 (61,74%)6,215 (60,46%)7,634 (63,44%)
Bosniaks369 (4,105%)3,858 (35,76%)3,424 (33,31%)4,184 (34,77%)
Others50 (0,556%)156 (1,446%)22 (0,214%)33 (0,274%)
Croats15 (0,167%)29 (0,269%)21 (0,204%)15 (0,125%)
Yugoslavs84 (0,779%)380 (3,697%)20 (0,166%)
Montenegrins215 (2,092%)142 (1,180%)
Macedonians1 (0,010%)3 (0,025%)
Albanians1 (0,010%)1 (0,008%)
Slovenes1 (0,008%)

Economy

The Gacko coal mine and thermoelectric powerplant is located in the municipality, and is also the largest employer in the area.

The following table gives a preview of the total number of registered people employed in professional fields per their core activity (as of 2018):[8]

Professional fieldTotal
Agriculture, forestry and fishing28
Mining and quarrying682
Manufacturing31
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply1,246
Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities129
Construction230
Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles155
Transportation and storage78
Accommodation and food services75
Information and communication16
Financial and insurance activities21
Real estate activities-
Professional, scientific and technical activities15
Administrative and support service activities2
Public administration and defense; compulsory social security183
Education185
Human health and social work activities79
Arts, entertainment and recreation39
Other service activities36
Total3,230

Sports

The local football club, FK Mladost Gacko, plays in the First League of the Republika Srpska.

Volleyball teams, both men's and women's, are among the most successful in Bosnia and Herzegovina, with the women's volleyball team being vice champions multiple times, also winning the Cup of Republika Srpska once.

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ Fine, John Van Antwerp Jr. (1994). The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. University of Michigan Press. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-472-08260-5.
  2. ^ Glas. Vol. 78–80. SANU. 1908. p. 196.
  3. ^ Ćorović, Vladimir (2001 [1997]). "Преокрет у држању Срба". Историја српског народа (in Serbian). Belgrade: Јанус.
  4. ^ Mandić, Petar. "Prva puška hercegovačka". Novosti. Večernje Novosti. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
  5. ^ Književnost. Prosveta. 2004. p. 7. Да је овај Устанак почео 6. а не 7. јуна, зна се и по томе што се први партизански батаљон, који је настао у Гацку крајем 1941. године, звао Батаљон 6. јун
  6. ^ Crnogorac, Svetozar. "DAN ZA ISTORIJU – 6. JUN 1941: Hercegovci započeli prvi ustanak u porobljenoj Evropi". Herceg TV. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
  7. ^ Trgo 1964, p. 341.
  8. ^ "Cities and Municipalities of Republika Srpska". rzs.rs.ba. Republika Srspka Institute of Statistics. 25 December 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2019.

Bibliography