| Nativename | Morwap |
|---|---|
| Region | Papua, Indonesia: Jayapura and Keerom regencies - Abepura, Arso, Kemtuk Gresi, and Senggi districts; Lake Sentani area - south, southwest. |
| Speakers | 300 |
| Date | 2018 |
| Ref | e25 |
| Familycolor | Isolate |
| Fam 1 | Border or language isolate |
| Iso 3 | mrf |
| Glotto | else1239 |
| Glottorefname | Elseng |
Elseng (Morwap, Janggu, Sawa, Tabu[1]) is a poorly documented Papuan language spoken by about 300 people (in 1991) in the Indonesian province of Papua. It is also known as Morwap, which means "what is it?" ‘Morwap’ is vigorously rejected as a language name by speakers and government officials.[2]
Elseng is spoken in Omon village, Gresi Selatan district, Jayapura Regency; it is also called Tabu or Tapu.[3]
Classification
Laycock classified Elseng as a language isolate but noted pronominal similarities with the Border languages. Ross included it in Border because of these similarities but noted that it does not appear to share any lexical similarities with the family. However, this may be an effect of the paucity of data on Elseng. Foley similarly classifies Elseng as an isolate.[1]
An automated computational analysis (ASJP 4) by Müller et al. (2013)[4] also found lexical similarities with the Border languages.
Phonology
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | |
| voiced | b | g | |||
| prenas. | ᵐb | ᵑɡ | |||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | ||
| voiced | v | ||||
| Approximant | w | l | j | ||
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Mid | e | ə | |
| Open | a |
Pronouns
Pronouns are:[1]
| sg | pl | |
|---|---|---|
| 1excl | ka | kam |
| 1incl | yo | |
| 2 | so | sem |
| 3 | yi | |
Basic vocabulary
Elseng basic vocabulary from Menanti (2005), quoted in Foley (2018):[5][1]
- {|
|+ Elseng basic vocabulary ! gloss !! Elseng |- | ‘bird’ || bisyas |- | ‘blood’ || sakwos |- | ‘bone’ || wok |- | ‘breast’ || pan |- | ‘ear’ || waskwos |- | ‘eat’ || tou |- | ‘egg’ || syungwin |- | ‘eye’ || nafon |- | ‘fire’ || bət |- | ‘give’ || venenggiʔ |- | ‘go’ || gele |- | ‘ground’ || mo |- | ‘hair’ || nimbias |- | ‘hear’ || sɨkwen |- | ‘leg’ || poksən |- | ‘louse’ || ku |- | ‘man’ || seseu |- | ‘moon’ || məm |- | ‘name’ || tin |- | ‘road, path’ || mol |- | ‘see’ || nɨnggwen |- | ‘sky’ || kuil |- | ‘stone’ || səpak |- | ‘sun’ || ningnaf |- | ‘tongue’ || mosən |- | ‘tooth’ || an |- | ‘tree’ || sək |- | ‘water’ || vetev |- | ‘woman’ || saun |}
The following basic vocabulary words are from Voorhoeve (1971, 1975),[6][7] as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database:[8]
- {| class="wikitable sortable"
! gloss !! Elseng |- | head || walambiap |- | hair || nimbias |- | ear || mo; uskŋs |- | eye || naf |- | nose || sənpokep |- | tooth || an |- | tongue || mɔs; mɔsən |- | leg || pokəs |- | louse || ku |- | dog || wəs |- | pig || wo |- | bird || bisjas; bisyas |- | egg || suŋun |- | blood || wətwən |- | bone || ok |- | skin || son; sɔn |- | breast || pan |- | tree || sək |- | man || sisɛu; sisew |- | woman || saɔ |- | sun || ninaf |- | moon || mɔm |- | water || wətel; wətəl |- | fire || bot; bɔt |- | stone || səpat |- | road, path || mul |- | eat || to |}
Sentences and phrases
Example sentences and phrases in Elseng:[1]
References
- ^ Foley, William A. (2018). "The languages of Northwest New Guinea". The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. Vol. 4. The World of Linguistics. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 433–568. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
- ^ e25
- ^ Burung, Wiem. 2000. A Brief Note on Elseng. SIL International Electronic Survey Reports 2000–001.
- ^ Müller, André, Viveka Velupillai, Søren Wichmann, Cecil H. Brown, Eric W. Holman, Sebastian Sauppe, Pamela Brown, Harald Hammarström, Oleg Belyaev, Johann-Mattis List, Dik Bakker, Dmitri Egorov, Matthias Urban, Robert Mailhammer, Matthew S. Dryer, Evgenia Korovina, David Beck, Helen Geyer, Pattie Epps, Anthony Grant, and Pilar Valenzuela. 2013. ASJP World Language Trees of Lexical Similarity: Version 4 (October 2013).
- ^ Menanti, Jackie. 2005. Sociolinguistic Report on the Elseng Language in Sia-Sia Village, Keerom County, Papua, Indonesia. Unpublished report. Jayapura: SIL Indonesia.
- ^ Voorhoeve, C.L. "Miscellaneous Notes on Languages in West Irian, New Guinea". In Dutton, T., Voorhoeve, C. and Wurm, S.A. editors, Papers in New Guinea Linguistics No. 14. A-28:47-114. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1971. doi:10.15144/PL-A28.47
- ^ Voorhoeve, C.L. Languages of Irian Jaya: Checklist. Preliminary classification, language maps, wordlists. B-31, iv + 133 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1975. doi:10.15144/PL-B31
- ^ Greenhill, Simon (2016). "TransNewGuinea.org - database of the languages of New Guinea". Retrieved 2020-11-05.