Canadian war memorials are buildings, monuments, and statues that commemorate the armed actions in the territory encompassing modern Canada, the role of the Canadian military in conflicts and peacekeeping operations, and Canadians who died or were injured in a war. Much of this military history of Canada is commemorated today with memorials across the country and around the world. Canadian memorials commemorate the sacrifices made as early as the Seven Years' War to the modern day war on terror. As Newfoundland was a British Dominion until joining Confederation in 1949, there are several monuments in Newfoundland and Labrador and abroad which were dedicated to Newfoundland servicemen and women.
There are currently over 6,000 war memorials in Canada registered with the National Inventory of Military Memorials, which is under the Canadian Department of Veterans Affairs.[1] There are also war memorials across the world, some of which are operated by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission, which are dedicated to Canada as well as the Commonwealth members. There currently are 17 in France, six in Belgium, four in the United Kingdom, two in Afghanistan and South Korea, and one each in Egypt, Hong Kong, Italy, Malta, the Netherlands, Singapore, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates.
There are few examples of memorial art created by Indigenous peoples before the late nineteenth century. One of the best-preserved memorials is in Áísínai’pi, or Writing-on-Stone Provincial Park, in southern Alberta. This UNESCO World Heritage Site houses an extensive series of small-scale petroglyphs incised on the sandstone bluffs of the Milk River, a number of them dating to thousands of years ago.[2]
War memorials in Canada
Colonial period
There exists a number of memorials commemorating events that occurred prior to Canadian Confederation in 1867. In addition to pre-Confederation war memorials, a number of communities in Ontario also have cannons originating from the Crimean War.[3][4][5] However, these cannons are war trophies gifted to various communities in Upper Canada after the conflict; and do not serve as a memorial. Prior to the twentieth century, Canadian memorials were dedicated to great leaders and victories, not the named deaths of ordinary service personnel.[2]
| Memorial name | Image | Location | Map | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Battle Hill Monument | Southwest Middlesex, Ontario | 42.997895°N 79.174913°W | Commemorates the Battle of Longwoods, fought during the War of 1812. | |
| Battle of Cook's Mill Monument | Cooks Mill, Ontario | 42.997895°N 79.174913°W | Commemorates the Battle of Cook's Mill, fought during the War of 1812. | |
| Battle of Crysler's Farm Monument | Morrisburg, Ontario | 42°41′39″N 81°42′18″W | Dedicated to those who fought and died in the victory at Crysler's Farm. | |
| Battle of Eccles Hill Monument | Frelighsburg, Quebec | Commemorates the Battle of Eccles Hill, fought during the Fenian raids. | ||
| Battle of Lundy's Lane Monument | Niagara Falls, Ontario | Dedicated in 1895, the monument commemorates members of the British Army and Canadian militia during the Battle of Lundy's Lane. | ||
| Battle of Trois-Rivières Monument | Trois-Rivières, Quebec | Commemorates the British and Canadian soldiers who fought at the Battle of Trois-Rivières during the American Revolutionary War. | ||
| British Empire Loyalist Cairn | Regina, Saskatchewan | Dedicated to American settlers and the United Empire Loyalists who sided with the British during the American Revolutionary War. | ||
| Brock's Monument | Queenston, Ontario | 43°09′36.37″N 079°03′10.99″W | Dedicated to Major General Isaac Brock, one of Canada's heroes of the War of 1812. | |
| Canadian Volunteer Monument | Toronto, Ontario | 43°39′45.55″N 079°23′36.01″W | Honours University of Toronto student volunteers who fell during the Battle of Ridgeway Lime Ridge, or died of wounds received in action or from disease contracted in service while defending her frontier in June 1866. | |
| Defence of York Monument | Toronto, Ontario | 43°38′34″N 079°23′01″W | In memory of officers, non-commissioned officers and men who were killed or died of wounds defending York (present-day Toronto). | |
| James Wolfe Monument | Quebec City, Quebec | 46°47′59.81″N 071°13′29.79″W | Dedicated to General James Wolfe, remembered chiefly for his victory over the French, and establishing British rule in Canada. | |
| Liverpool Memorial Cairn | Liverpool, Nova Scotia | Highlights the role of privateers from the area during the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. | ||
| Monument aux Braves | Quebec City, Quebec | Commemorates the Battle of Sainte-Foy, fought during the Seven Years' War. | ||
| Peace Arch | Surrey, British Columbia | 49°0′7.66″N 122°45′23.49″W | Monument commemorates the signing of the Treaty of Ghent, which ended the War of 1812. Situated on the Canada–United States border, the Arch lies between the communities of Surrey, British Columbia, and Blaine Washington. | |
| Royal Navy and Provincial Marine Memorial | Kingston, Ontario | Dedicated to the officers and seamen of the Royal Navy and the Provincial Marine who served in Lake Ontario during the War of 1812. | ||
| Stoney Creek Battlefield Memorial | Hamilton, Ontario | 43°12′59.9″N 079°45′59.4″W | Commemorates the victory at the Battle of Stoney Creek, fought during the War of 1812. | |
| Sebastopol Monument | Halifax, Nova Scotia | 44°38′36.67″N 063°34′20.93″W | Forth oldest war monument in Canada and the only Crimean War monument in North America. | |
| United Empire Loyalist Memorial | Tusket, Nova Scotia | Dedicated to the United Empire Loyalists who settled the area during, or after the American Revolutionary War. | ||
| Wolfe and Montcalm Obelisk | Quebec City, Quebec | 46°48′40″N 071°12′19″W | Oldest war monument in Canada. Commemorates Louis-Joseph de Montcalm and James Wolfe, the French and British commanders of the Battle of the Plains of Abraham during the Seven Years War. | |
| War of 1812 Monument, Ottawa | Ottawa, Ontario | Monument commemorating diverse contributions to the defence of Canada during the War of 1812 | ||
| War of 1812 Monument, Toronto | Toronto, Ontario | 43°38′12″N 079°24′00″W | Commemorates the successful defence of British North America against American forces in the War of 1812[6] |
North-West Rebellion and the Boer War
| Memorial name | Image | Location | Map | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boer War Memorial | Montreal, Quebec | 45°29′58.63″N 073°34′15.44″W | Sculpted by George W. Hill | |
| Boer War Memorial Fountain | Halifax, Nova Scotia | Commemorate Canadian combatants during the Second Boer War. Located in the Halifax Public Gardens[7] | ||
| Boer War Monument | Windsor, Ontario | Unveiled in 1906, the memorial was originally situated next to a post office, and later moved to Jackson Park in 1932.[8] | ||
| Central Memorial Park | Calgary, Alberta | 51°02′28.48″N 114°04′16.00″W | The park has a cenotaph, a statue of a First World War soldier and a statue of R.L. Boyle, which is dedicated to all Albertans who served during the Second Boer War.[9] | |
| North-West Rebellion Monument | Toronto, Ontario | 43°39′42.10″N 079°23′24.23″W | Dedicated to those who served with the Canadian army during the North-West Rebellion. | |
| South African War Memorial | Halifax, Nova Scotia | 44°38′53.86″N 063°34′24.65″W | Created by Hamilton MacCarthy | |
| South African War Memorial | London, Ontario | Commemorates those from Middlesex County, Ontario who served during the Second Boer War. Unveiled in 1912 by the Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire; rededicated in 2000. | ||
| South African War Memorial | Ottawa, Ontario | 45°25′21.84″N 075°41′31.68″W | Located in Confederation Park it commemorates the Canadian participation in the Boer War. | |
| South African War Memorial | Quebec City, Quebec | Sculpted by Hamilton MacCarthy. | ||
| South African War Memorial | Toronto, Ontario | 43°39′04.72″N 079°23′12.49″W | Commemorates the Canadian participation in the Boer War | |
| Volunteers Monument | Winnipeg, Manitoba | Commemorates the members of the 90th Winnipeg Battalion of Rifles during the North-West Rebellion[10] |
First and Second World Wars
The war memorial sculptors at work in Canada in the years following the First World War include: Emanuel Hahn, George W. Hill, Frank Norbury, Walter Allward, Hamilton MacCarthy, Coeur de Lion MacCarthy, Alfred Howell, Sydney March, Elizabeth Wyn Wood, Henri Hebert, J. Massey Rhind, Hubert Garnier, Nicholas Pirotton, Charles Adamson, Frances Loring, and Ivor Lewis.
| Memorial name | Image | Location | Map | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albert Memorial Bridge | Regina, Saskatchewan | 50°26′10.2012″N 104°37′5.3544″W | Honours Saskatchewan soldiers who died in World War I. | |
| Animals in War Memorial / Les animaux en temps de guerre | Ottawa, Ontario | 45°25′21.84″N 075°41′31.68″W | A memorial by David Clendining to animals (mainly mules, horse, dogs, pigeons) that have served for Canada in military conflicts since World War I and is located in Confederation Park | |
| Ashburnham Memorial Park | Peterborough, Ontario | 44°18′36″N 078°18′10″W | Memorial to the men of Peterborough who died in the First World War. | |
| Bell Island Seaman's Memorial | Lance Cove, Newfoundland | 47°36′03.2″N 052°58′40.9″W | Dedicated to commemorate sailors killed by Nazi Germany U-boats in World War II. | |
| Bronze Angel | Montreal, Quebec; Vancouver, British Columbia (pictured); Winnipeg, Manitoba | "Bronze Angel", by sculptor, Coeur Lion MacCarthy, war memorial depicts the angel of victory raising up a young soldier to heaven at the moment of his death, 1921 commemorates 1,115 Canadian Pacific Railway employees killed during the First World War erected at the Canadian Pacific Railway stations.[11] | ||
| Camp X Memorial | Whitby Ontario | 43°51′20.28″N 078°53′00.06″W | Honours the men and women of Camp X who served during the Second World War. | |
| CANLOAN Memorial | Ottawa, Ontario | Dedicated to Canadian military officers loaned to the British Army under the CANLOAN program during the Second World War.[12] | ||
| Coronation Park Memorial | Toronto, Ontario | Dedicated to those who served in the Second World War. Erected in 1995 as a part of the 50th anniversary commemorations of the Second World War. | ||
| Cremation Memorial | Ottawa, Ontario | 45°26′42″N 075°39′57″W | A sheltered space in the National Cemetery of Canada that honours the memory of Canadian servicemen who died in Canada and the United States and who were cremated.[11] | |
| Cross of Sacrifice | Quebec City, Quebec | 46°48′31.9″N 071°12′43.85″W | Dedicated to those who died in the First World War, the Second World War, and the Korean War, | |
| Fredericton Cenotaph | Fredericton, New Brunswick | 45°57′30″N 66°38′05″W | Initially dedicated to those who died in the First World War, later expanded to include the Second World War, the Korean War, and the Canadian Merchant Navy. | |
| Great War Memorial | Niagara Falls, Ontario | 43°05′23.81″N 079°04′22.57″W | Memorial to those who died in the First and Second World Wars. | |
| Halifax Memorial | Halifax, Nova Scotia | 44°37′08.76″N 063°33′55.93″W | Dedicated to the Canadian servicemen and women who died at sea during both World Wars and includes the Royal Canadian Navy, the Canadian Merchant Navy and the Canadian Army. | |
| Harbord War Memorials | Toronto, Ontario | Located on the grounds of Harbord Collegiate Institute, a public secondary school, it includes two sculptures. The first sculpture was erected in 1921 and was dedicated to those who served in the First World War; and a second sculpture dedicated to those who served in the Second World War, completed in 2007. | ||
| Law Society of Upper Canada Great War Memorial | Toronto, Ontario | Dedicated to the 115 lawyers and law students of the Law Society of Upper Canada during the First World War. Located in the Great Library of Osgoode Hall. | ||
| Mackenzie-Papineau Battalion Memorial | Victoria, British Columbia | 48°25′14.20″N 123°22′16.66″W | Dedicated to Canadian volunteers of the Mackenzie–Papineau Battalion during the Spanish Civil War. | |
| Mackenzie-Papineau Battalion Memorial | Ottawa, Ontario | 45°26′24.61″N 075°41′47.05″W | Dedicated to Canadian volunteers of the Mackenzie–Papineau Battalion during the Spanish Civil War. | |
| Malvern Memorial | Toronto, Ontario | Dedicated to the students of Malvern Collegiate Institute that served in the First World War. Malvern Collegiate Institute is a public secondary school. | ||
| Memorial Clock Tower | Wainwright, Alberta | 52°50′00.66″N 110°51′39.76″W | Dedicated to the local men who fought and died in both World Wars. | |
| Memorial Gates | Saskatoon, Saskatchewan | 52°07′45.43″N 106°38′34.05″W | Military memorial which is a part of the University of Saskatchewan. | |
| Montreal Cenotaph | Montreal, Quebec | 45°29′55.03″N 073°34′07.75″W | Dedicated to Montrealers who died in the First World War. | |
| Montreal Clock Tower | Montreal, Quebec | 45°30′44.44″N 073°32′44.84″W | Dedicated to Canadian naval sailors who died during the First World War. | |
| Monument des Braves | Shawinigan, Quebec | 46°32′22.38″N 072°45′12.85″W | Commemorates those who died in the First World War, and Second World War | |
| National War Memorial | St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador | 47°34′03.28″N 052°42′13.67″W | Memorial for soldiers who served with the Dominion of Newfoundland during the First World War. | |
| Ottawa Memorial | Ottawa, Ontario | 45°26′27.08″N 075°41′45.90″W | Dedicated to missing airmen of the Second World War. Sometimes known as the Commonwealth Air Force Monument. | |
| Peace through Valour | Toronto, Ontario | Dedicated to members of the Canadian Forces who served in the Italian campaign of the Second World War. The sculpture features a 3D-topographical map of Ortona, site of the Battle of Ortona. Located within the sculpture garden of Nathan Phillips Square. | ||
| Renfrew War Memorial | Renfrew, Ontario | 45°28′22.6848″N 76°41′5.6184″W | Commemorated to residents of Renfrew who served in the First World War and Second World War. | |
| Royal Canadian Naval Association Naval Memorial | Burlington, Ontario | Dedicated to members of the Royal Canadian Navy and the Canadian Merchant Navy. | ||
| Saint-Lambert Cenotaph by Emanuel Hahn | Saint-Lambert, Quebec | Dedicated to citizens of Saint-Lambert who fought in the First World War | ||
| Saskatoon Cenotaph | Saskatoon, Saskatchewan | 52°07′48.8″N 106°39′37.15″W | Designed by Francis Henry Portnall (1928), this tall granite plinth incorporating a public clock face is a part of the City Hall Square.[13] though it was originally located in the middle of the intersection of 21st Street and 2nd Avenue[14] | |
| Sherbrooke War Memorial | Sherbrooke, Quebec | 45°24′02″N 071°53′29″W | Dedicated to citizens of Sherbrooke who fought in the First World War | |
| Soldiers' Tower | Toronto, Ontario | 43°39′48.78″N 079°23′42.52″W | Commemorates members of the University of Toronto who served in the World Wars. | |
| Victory Square | Vancouver, British Columbia | 49°16′55.56″N 123°06′36.72″W | Dedicated to Vancouverites who served in the First World War. | |
| Vimy Memorial Bandshell | Saskatoon, Saskatchewan | 52°07′28.24″N 106°39′33.42″W | The Vimy Memorial Bandshell in Kiwanis Park was built in 1937 to honour the men and women that served in the First World War at the Battle of Vimy Ridge.[15] | |
| War Memorial of Montreal West | Montreal, Quebec | 45°28′21.00″N 073°36′49.32″W | Honours those from the town of Montreal West who died in the First World War[16] |
1945 – present
| Memorial name | Image | Location | Map | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan Repatriation Memorial | Trenton, Ontario | 25°01′37″N 055°22′15″E | Commemorates all the Canadian dead in Afghanistan. Originally located in Camp Mirage, United Arab Emirates.[17] | |
| B.C. Afghanistan War Memorial | Victoria, British Columbia | Commemorates members of the Canadian Armed Forces and the Public Service of Canada who served during the War in Afghanistan. The memorial was dedicated in September 2017.[18] | ||
| Canada Company LAV III Monument | Waterloo, Ontario | 43°27′51.58″N 080°31′12.29″W | Commemorates members of the Canadian Armed Forces who served during the War in Afghanistan.[19] | |
| Korean War Memorial Wall | Brampton, Ontario | 43°38′30.58″N 079°44′57.01″W | Commemorates those Canadians who served in the Korean War. | |
| Monument to the Canadian Fallen (Korean War Monument) | Ottawa, Ontario | Sculpted in 2002 by Young Mun Yoo.[20] | ||
| The North Wall | Windsor, Ontario | 42°18′37.36″N 083°04′11.06″W | Dedicated to Canadians who volunteered with the United States Armed Forces during the Vietnam War. | |
| Vietnam Veterans Monument[21] | Melocheville, Quebec | 45°18′52″N 073°57′40″W | Dedicated to Canadians who volunteered with the United States Armed Forces during the Vietnam War |
Generic war memorials
| Memorial name | Image | Location | Map | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 48th Highlanders Memorial | Toronto, Ontario | 43°39.00′057″N 79°23′34.76″W | Dedicated to those who served with the Canadian forces, erected by the 48th Highlanders of Canada. | |
| Boissevain Cenotaph[22] | Boissevain, Manitoba | 49°13'31.9"N 100°03'37.6"W | A monument on the grounds of the Boissevain Hospital commemorates local soldiers killed during military service. It was unveiled originally on 20 July 1924 at a ceremony officiated by General Huntley Douglas Brodie Ketchen. | |
| Bruce Park Cenotaph | Winnipeg, Manitoba | 49°52′38.77″N 097°13′34.10″W | Dedicated to the memory of those who died in the First World War, the Second World War, Korea, and to Canadian peacekeepers. | |
| Calgary Soldiers' Memorial | Calgary, Alberta | 51°03′03″N 114°05′20″W | Dedicated to Calgarian soldiers who have given their lives in war and military service overseas. | |
| East and West Memorial Buildings | Ottawa, Ontario | 45.419517°N 75.70573°W | Dedicated to all Canadians who served in war. The building houses the Department of Veteran Affairs. | |
| Flesherton Cenotaph | Flesherton, Ontario | 44°15′46.7″N 080°33′05.5″W | Honouring the local men who enlisted for the First and Second World Wars and did not return. | |
| Garden of the Unforgotten | Oshawa, Ontario | 43°53′39.66″N 078°51′46.07″W | Dedicated to the servicemen of Oshawa who lost their lives during the First World War, Second World War and the Korean War | |
| Monument aux braves de N.D.G. | Montreal, Quebec | 45°28′20.89″N 073°36′49.44″W | Commemorates the combatants who died during the First and Second World Wars and the Korean War. | |
| National Aboriginal Veterans Monument | Ottawa, Ontario | 45°25′18.04″N 075°41′34.66″W | Commemorates the Aboriginal peoples (First Nations, Inuit and Métis) who served with the Canadian forces during armed conflicts. | |
| National Artillery Monument | Ottawa, Ontario | Dedicated to those killed while serving in the Royal Regiment of Canadian Artillery. A 25-pounder gun used by the regiment during the Second World War is situated next to the marble memorial.[23] | ||
| Next of Kin Memorial Avenue | Saskatoon, Saskatchewan | 52°08′49.36″N 106°39′29.27″W | Memorial for the First World War and ensuing wars. | |
| Old City Hall Cenotaph | Toronto, Ontario | 43°39′07.70″N 079°22′54.21″W | Dedicated to Torontonians who lost their lives during the First World War, Second World War and the Korean War. | |
| Ontario Veterans Memorial | Toronto, Ontario | 43°39′40.63″N 079°23′28.04″W | Dedicated to the Canadian military who served from the Fenian raids to the Campaign Against Terror.[24] | |
| Memorial Chamber | Ottawa, Ontario | 45°25′29.64″N 075°41′59.64″W | Located in the Peace Tower, it holds all eight volumes of the Books of Remembrance, recording every Canadian killed in service, from Canada's first overseas campaign, the Nile Expedition, to the present. The eighth book was added to the Memorial Chamber in 2019, commemorating some 1,600 Canadians and First Nation Crown allies who died in service during the War of 1812. | |
| Peacekeeping Monument | Ottawa, Ontario | 45°25′43.58″N 075°41′47.49″W | Commemorates Canadian soldiers who served, or are currently serving in United Nations peacekeeping missions. | |
| Per ardua ad astra | Toronto, Ontario | 43°39′16.56″N 079°23′17.6″W | Dedicated to Canadian airmen who fought. | |
| Saskatchewan War Memorial | Regina, Saskatchewan | 50°25′58.7568″N 104°37′2.6688″W | Honours those who died in WWI, WWII, Korean War, military training, peacetime operations, nurses who served, including a plaque honouring Saskatchewan War Brides who married Canadian service men. | |
| Scarborough War Memorial | Toronto, Ontario | 43°42′08.98″N 079°15′14.03″W | Commemorating the soldiers from Scarborough who died in World War I, World War II and Korean War. | |
| Regina Cenotaph | Regina, Saskatchewan | 50°26′52.88″N 104°36′44.18″W | Honour those Regina citizens who served in the First, the Second and the Korean Wars. | |
| The Response – Canadian National War Memorial | Ottawa, Ontario | 45°25′26.53″N 075°41′43.79″W | Commemorates the Canadian participation and its soldiers fallen in armed conflict. | |
| Royal Canadian Navy Monument | Ottawa, Ontario | 45°25′14.99″N 075°42′37.45″W | Commemorates the men and women who have served or are serving with the Royal Canadian Navy. | |
| Shaunavon War Memorial | Shaunavon, Saskatchewan | 49°38′52.12″N 108°24′23.34″W | Designed by Francis Henry Portnall (1926) to honour those citizens who served in the War[25] | |
| Tomb of the Unknown Soldier | Ottawa, Ontario | 45°25′26.53″N 075°41′43.79″W | Dedicated to all the unidentified Canadian soldiers and is part of the National War Memorial. | |
| Trenton Cenotaph | Trenton, Ontario | 44°06′01.44″N 077°34′31.44″W | Dedicated to all Canadians fallen in conflict | |
| Valiants Memorial | Ottawa, Ontario | 45°25′27.92″N 075°41′42.67″W | Commemorating fourteen signal figures from the military history of the country, from French colonial rule, to the Second World War. | |
| London Cenotaph | London, Ontario | 42°59′15.66″N 081°14′48.54″W | Commemorates the local soldiers who died during the First, the Second and the Korean Wars. | |
| Thunder Bay Cenotaph | Thunder Bay, Ontario | 48°26′15.9″N 089°13′34.88″W | Commemorates the local soldiers who died during the First, the Second and the Korean Wars. | |
| Welland-Crowland War Memorial | Welland, Ontario | 42°59′51″N 079°15′31″W | Designed by Elizabeth Wyn Wood, commemorates not only the war dead but also those who served at home. |
War memorials overseas
| Memorial name | Image | Location | Map | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Canada Memorial | Green Park, London, England | 51°30′10.36″N 000°08′33.48″W | Pays tribute to the nearly one million Canadian men and women who served in the United Kingdom during the First and Second World Wars. |
First World War
Second World War – present
| Memorial name | Image | Location | Map | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gapyeong Canada Monument | Gapyeong County, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea | 37°52′36.71″N 127°31′48.79″E | Dedicated to the sacrifices made by the Canadian forces during the Korean war, especially at the Battle of Kapyong. | |
| Kandahar Airfield Memorial and Memorial Inuksuk | Kandahar, Afghanistan | 31°30′21″N 065°50′52″E | The Airfield Memorial is dedicated to Canadians who have fallen in the War in Afghanistan and the Inuksuk to those Canadians, as well as other coalition members who were killed in fighting in Afghanistan. | |
| Malta Memorial | Floriana, Malta | 35°53′40.57″N 014°30′28.27″E | Dedicated to Commonwealth aircrew (including Canadians) who fought, and lost their lives, in the Mediterranean during the Second World War. | |
| Monument to Canadian Fallen (Korean War Monument) | United Nations Memorial Cemetery Busan, South Korea | 35°07′41″N 129°05′49″E | Located where 378 Canadians are buried. An identical monument is in downtown Ottawa.[26] | |
| National Canadian Liberation Monument | Apeldoorn, Netherlands | Celebrating the liberation of the Netherlands by Canadians, featuring the sculpture Man with Two Hats, identical to one in Ottawa. |
Legacy
The 31 paintings of Canadian War Memorials by F.A. (Tex) Dawson were unveiled just outside Currie Hall in the Mackenzie Building at Royal Military College of Canada in Kingston on Wednesday 7 April 2010. Jack Pike, the chairman of the Royal Military College of Canada Museum's board of directors, said they had found a permanent and appropriate home. "We are delighted to have these paintings," he said in front of the assemblage of paintings, each representing a different memorial in a different setting and different seasons. "These are symbolic of sacrifice and remembrance and they do the whole thing so well."[27]
See also
- Canadian War Museum
- List of Canadian Victoria Cross recipients
- List of Royal Military College of Canada Memorials and traditions
References
- ^ "DHH – Search for a Memorial". veterans.gc.ca. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
- ^ Brandon, Laura (2021). "Memorials and tributes - War Art in Canada: A Critical History". Art Canada Institute.
- ^ "Crimean War Cannon". citywindsor.ca. City of Windsor. 2020. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
- ^ "Explained: How a Russian cannon found its way to Queen's Square". Cambridge Times. Metroland Media Group. 17 May 2017. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
- ^ "Explore Queen's Park". ola.org. Ontario Legislative Assembly. Archived from the original on 16 January 2021. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
- ^ Rob Roberts (3 November 2008). "Coupland's War of 1812 monument tweaks U.S. noses". The National Post. National Post Inc. Retrieved 6 May 2011.[dead link]
- ^ "Boer War Memorial & Province House". hmhps.ca. Halifax Military Heritage Preservation Society. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
- ^ "Boer War Monument". citywindsor.ca. City of Windsor. 2020. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
- ^ "Central Memorial Park". Archived from the original on 19 February 2011. Retrieved 11 April 2011.
- ^ Kavanagh, Sean (14 January 2020). "City of Winnipeg moves forward on policy for changing potentially offensive names of monuments, places". CBC News. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
- ^ Jacqueline Hucker. "Monuments of the First and Second World Wars". Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada. Retrieved 2011-03-16.
- ^ "CANLOAN Monument". canada.ca. Government of Canada. 2 October 2017. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
- ^ The Saskatoon Cenotaph Archived 12 August 2014 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Do You Know Why the Saskatoon Cenotaph Was Moved". Sasknow.ca. 8 November 2017. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
- ^ Vimy Memorial, Kiwanis Park, Saskatoon Sask.
- ^ War Memorial of Montréal West
- ^ Camp Mirage Memorial
- ^ "More than 1,000 attend dedication of B.C. Afghanistan Memorial". Times Colonist. Glacier Media. 30 September 2017. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
- ^ "Canada Company LAV III Monument". Veteran Affairs Canada. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
- ^ "Monument to Canadian Fallen (Korean War Monument)". canada.ca. Government of Canada. 2 October 2017. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
- ^ "Our Monument"
- ^ Manitoba Historical Society (November 7, 2024). "Boissevain War Memorial"
- ^ "National Artillery Monument". canada.ca. Government of Canada. 2 October 2017. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
- ^ Canadian Veterans And Peacekeepers Permanently Honoured On The Grounds Of Queen's Park
- ^ Memorial Park and Cenotaph 390 1st Street East
- ^ "Monument to Canadian Fallen (Korean War Monument)". Public Art and Monuments. Canadian Heritage, Government of Canada. 25 October 2013.
- ^ "31 paintings of Canadian War Memorials by F.A. (Tex) Dawson". Kingstonwhigstandard.com. Retrieved 2011-03-16.[dead link]
Further reading
- Brandon, Laura (2021). War Art in Canada: A Critical History. Art Canada Institute. ISBN 9781487102722.
- Longworth, Philip (1967). The Unending Vigil: a History of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission, 1917–1967. Constable.
- Shipley, Robert (1987). To Mark Our Place: A History of Canadian War Memorials. NC Press. ISBN 9781550210149.
- Wood, Herbert Fairlie & Swettenham, John (1974). Silent Witness. Hakket.