For other uses, see Abakan (disambiguation).
Abakan
En nameAbakan
Ru nameАбакан
Loc name 1Ағбан
Loc lang 1Khakas
Loc name 2Абахан
Loc lang 2Khakas
Coordinates53°43′10″N 91°26′23″E
HolidaySecond to last Saturday in August
Federal subjectRepublic of Khakassia
Adm inhabloc jurCity of Abakan
Capital ofRepublic of Khakassia
Adm ctr of 1City of Abakan
Inhabloc catCity
Urban okrug jurAbakan Urban Okrug
Mun admctr of 1Abakan Urban Okrug
HeadAlexey Lemin
Representative bodyCouncil of Deputies
Pop 2010census165214
Pop 2010census rank109th
Pop latest173200
Pop latest dateJanuary 2014
Established date1675
Current cat date30 April 1931
Postal codes655000; 655001; 655002; 655003; 655004; 655005; 655006; 655007; 655008; 655009; 655010; 655011; 655012; 655014; 655015; 655016; 655017; 655018; 655019; 655022; 655400; 655401; 655899; 655961; 655965; 655966; 655990; 655996.
Dialing codes3902
Websitehttp://абакан.рф

Abakan (Russian: Абака́н ɐbɐˈkan; kjh: Ағбан Ağban, Абахан Abaxan) is the capital city of Khakassia, Russia, located in the central part of the Minusinsk Depression, at the confluence of the Yenisei and Abakan Rivers. As of the 2010 Census, it had a population of 165,214[1]—a slight increase over 165,197 recorded during the 2002 Census[2] and a further increase from 154,092 recorded during the 1989 Census.[3]

Historical population
YearPop.±%
19263,000—
193936,652+1121.7%
195956,416+53.9%
197090,136+59.8%
1979128,311+42.4%
1989154,092+20.1%
2002165,197+7.2%
2010165,214+0.0%
2021184,769+11.8%

Source: Census data

History

See also: Abakan palace ruins

Abakansky ostrog (Абаканский острог), also known as Abakansk (Абаканск), was built at the mouth of the Abakan River in 1675.[4] In the 1780s, the selo of Ust-Abakanskoye (Усть-Абаканское) was established in this area.[4] It was granted town status and given its current name on 30 April 1931.[5]

In 1940, Russian construction workers found ancient ruins during the construction of a highway between Abakan and Askiz. When the site was excavated by Soviet archaeologists in 1941–1945, they realized that they had discovered a building absolutely unique for the area: a large (1500 square meters) Chinese-style, likely Han dynasty era (206 BC–220 AD) palace. The identity of the high-ranking personage who lived luxuriously in Chinese style, far outside the Han Empire's borders, has remained a matter for discussion ever since. Russian archaeologist Lidiya Yevtyukhova surmised, based on circumstantial evidence, that the palace may have been the residence of Li Ling, a Chinese general who had been defeated by the Xiongnu in 99 BCE, and defected to them as a result.[6] While this opinion has remained popular, other views have been expressed as well. More recently, for example, it was claimed by Aleksey Kovalyov as the residence of Lu Fang, a Han throne pretender from the Guangwu era.[7]

Lithuanian and Polish exiles

In the late 18th and during the 19th century, Lithuanian participants in the 1794, 1830–1831, and 1863 rebellions against Russian rule were exiled to Abakan. A group of camps was established where prisoners were forced to work in the coal mines. After Stalin's death, Lithuanian exiles from the nearby settlements moved in.[8]

Also Polish exiles were deported to Khakassia, with the some descendants still living in the region. In 1994, a local Polish school was founded, which was supported by the local authorities until 2014, and in 1999, a Polish-language faculty was introduced at the local Khakassian State University.[9]

Administrative and municipal status

Abakan is the capital of the republic.[10][11] Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as the City of Abakan—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts[10] As a municipal division, the City of Abakan is incorporated as Abakan Urban Okrug.[12]

Education

The city has Katanov State University of Khakasia.

Transportation

Abakan (together with Tayshet) was a terminal of the major Abakan-Taishet Railway.

The city is served by the Abakan International Airport.

Military

The 100th Air Assault Brigade of the Russian Airborne Troops was based in the city until circa 1996.[13]

Sports

Bandy, similar to hockey, is one of the most popular sports in the city. Sayany-Khakassia[14] was playing in the top-tier Super League in the 2012–13 season but was relegated for the 2013–14 season and has been playing in the Russian Bandy Supreme League ever since. The Russian Government Cup was played here in 1988 and in 2012.

Climate

Abakan has a borderline dry-winter continental (Köppen climate classification Dwb)/cold semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk). Temperature differences between seasons are extreme, which is typical for Siberia. Precipitation is concentrated in the summer and is less common because of rain shadows from nearby mountains.

Local government

The structure of the local government in the city of Abakan is as follows:[15]

  • council of deputies of the city of Abakan - a representative body of the municipality;
  • the head of the city of Abakan - the head of the municipality;
  • the administration of the city of Abakan - the executive and administrative body of the municipality;
  • auditing commission of the municipality of the city of Abakan - the control and accounting body of the municipality.
Council of Deputies

The council consists of 28 deputies. Deputies are elected in single-member constituencies and on party lists. Elections of deputies of the VI convocation were held on a single voting day in 2018.

Composition of the City Council[16][17]
PartyNumber of deputiesResult
By okrugBy lists
United Russia115 (28.83%)16
CPRF23 (23.97%)5
LDPR03 (22.19%)3
Party of Pensioners01 (7.11%)1
A Just Russia – For Truth01 (6.93%)1
Communists of Russia01 (6.83%)1
Self-nominated1---1
141428
Head of the city (head of the municipality)
  • Alexey Viktorovich Lyomin
Chairman of the Council of Deputies
  • Albert Yuryevich Tupikin
Nikolai Bulakin Prize

In 2021, the annual Nikolai Bulakin Prize of Abakan was established for outstanding services and achievements in the city's development. The award includes a monetary reward of 200,000 rubles and a diploma.[18][19]

References

Notes

  1. ^
  2. ^
  3. ^
  4. ^ Энциклопедия Города России ["Cities and Towns of Russia" Encyclopedia]. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 13. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
  5. ^ Resolution of April 30, 1931
  6. ^ Yevtyukhova 1954[page needed]
  7. ^ Kovalyov 2007, p. 148
  8. ^ Juodvalkytė 2001[page needed]
  9. ^ Goreva, Svetlana (2019). "Dzieje Szkoły polonijnej w Abakanie 1994–2019". Polacy na Syberii od XIX do XXI wieku (in Polish). Leończyk, Sergiusz (ed.). Warszawa. p. 99. ISBN 978-83-64206-39-9.
  10. ^ Law #20
  11. ^ Hoiberg 1993, p. 7
  12. ^ Law #59
  13. ^ Schofield 1993[page needed]
  14. ^ Team picture of Sayany-Khakassia
  15. ^ "Мэрия Абакана / Устав города Абакана" [City Hall of Abakan / Charter of the city of Abakan]. мэрия.абакан.рф. Archived 2019-12-08 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2019-12-04.
  16. ^ "Сведения о проводящихся выборах и референдумах" [Information about ongoing elections and referendums]. www.vybory.izbirkom.ru. Archived 2022-01-07 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2022-01-07.
  17. ^ "Состав Совета депутатов" [Composition of the Council of Deputies] (in Russian). абакан.рф. Archived 2022-01-07 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2022-01-07.
  18. ^ Applicants for the N. G. Bulakin Prize - Abakan. - 2021. - November 24. - p. 4.
  19. ^ Новая муниципальная награда Archived December 4, 2021 at the Wayback Machine — IRTA Abakan, 15 October 2021.

Sources